Several steel profiles of Dongguan steel structure
First, the floor board
Also known as steel bearing plate, building profiled steel plate, galvanized steel plate is formed by rolling cold bending, its cross section is V-shaped, U-shaped, trapezoidal or similar shapes, mainly used as permanent template, also Selected for other purposes.
In the use stage, the floor slab is used as the tensile reinforcement of the concrete slab, which also increases the rigidity of the slab and saves the amount of steel and concrete.
The embossing on the surface of the profiled board creates the greatest bonding force between the floor slab and the concrete, so that the two are formed into a whole, with stiffeners, so that the floor slab system has high bearing capacity.
The profiled steel plate composite plate (floor plate, steel plate) is a very reasonable structural form, which can give full play to the advantages of steel tensile strength and concrete compression resistance according to the position and characteristics of its components. And has good seismic performance and construction performance. This structure is currently widely used in many high-rise buildings at home and abroad.
Comparison between floor slabs and ordinary reinforced concrete slabs
1. The floor slab can be used as a permanent stencil for cast-in-place concrete, eliminating the need to install and remove stencils during construction;
2. After the floor board is installed, it can be used as a construction platform. At the same time, it does not need to use temporary support, nor does it affect the work of the next level of construction plane;
3. The floor slab can be used as the bottom rib of the slab, which reduces the workload of installing the ribs;
4. According to the different interface shapes of the profiled panels, the amount of slab concrete can be reduced by up to 30%, the weight of the slab can be reduced, and the dimensions of the beams, columns and foundation can be reduced accordingly, and the overall performance of the structure is improved;
Second, the work steel
The steel beam is a long strip of steel with a cross-section of I-shaped. The specifications are expressed in millimeters of waist height (h) * leg width (b) * waist thickness (d), such as "work 160 * 88 * 6", which means that the waist height is 160 mm, the leg width is 88 mm, and the waist thickness is 6 mm. Work steel. I-beam is divided into three types: ordinary I-beam, light I-beam and H-beam.
The flanges of ordinary steel and light-duty steel are gradually thinned from the root to the side and have a certain angle. Since their cross-sectional dimensions are relatively high and narrow, the moment of inertia of the two main sleeves of the section differs greatly. Therefore, it is generally only used for members that are bent in the plane of the web or to form a lattice-type force-receiving member. . It is not used for the axial compression member or the member that is curved perpendicular to the plane of the web, which is a limitation in its application range.
I-beam is widely used in various building structures, bridges, vehicles, brackets, machinery, etc.
Third, C-shaped steel
They are all processed by hot-rolled sheet cold-formed and automatically processed by C-shaped steel forming machine.
The thin wall has the advantages of light weight, excellent cross-section performance and high strength. Compared with the traditional channel steel, the same strength can save 30% of the material.
C-shaped steel purlins are divided into five specifications according to the height, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160. The length can be determined according to the engineering design, but considering the conditions of transportation and installation, the total length is generally less than 12 meters.
C-shaped steel is widely used in steel slabs, wall beams, and can also be combined into lightweight building trusses, brackets and other building components. In addition, it can also be used for columns, beams and arms in mechanical light manufacturing.
Fourth, H-beam
It is an economical section steel with better cross-section mechanical properties developed by I-beam optimization. The section is especially named after the English letter “H”. H-beam is divided into wide flange steel (HW), middle flange H-beam (HM), narrow flange H-beam (HN), thin-walled H steel (HT), and H-beam (HU).
H-beam is a new type of economic construction steel. The section shape of H-shaped steel is economical and reasonable, and the mechanical properties are good. The points on the section during rolling are more uniform and the internal stress is small. Compared with ordinary I-beams, it has the advantages of large section modulus, light weight and metal saving. The structure is reduced by 30-40%; and because the inside and outside of the leg are parallel, the leg ends are right angles, and assembled into components, which can save welding and riveting work up to 25%. It is often used for brackets, foundation piles, etc. in large buildings with large bearing capacity and good section stability.
Advantages of H-beam
(1) The flange is wide and the lateral stiffness is large. Strong bending resistance.
(2) The two surfaces of the flange are parallel to each other, which makes connection, processing and installation simple.
(3) Compared with the welded I-beam, the cost is low, the precision is high, the residual stress is small, and expensive welding materials and weld inspection are not required, and the manufacturing cost of the steel structure is saved by about 30%.
(4) Under the same section load. The hot rolled H steel structure is 15%-20% lighter than conventional steel structures.
(5) Compared with the tong (tong) structure, the hot-rolled H steel structure can increase the use area by 6%, and the structural self-weight can be reduced by 20% to 30%, reducing the structural design internal force.
(6) H-shaped steel can be processed into T-shaped steel, and honeycomb beams can be combined to form various cross-section forms, which greatly meet the engineering design and production requirements.
Five, the difference between I-beam HW HM HN H-beam
The I-beam flange is thicker than the web and thinner at the outer part; the flange of H-beam is equal section, HW, HM, HN, H are the general name of H-beam, H-beam is welded; HW HM HN is hot Rolling, HW is the H-shaped steel height and the flange width are basically equal. It is mainly used for steel core columns in reinforced concrete frame columns, also called steel columns; it is mainly used for columns in steel structures.
HM is the H-beam height and flange width ratio is roughly 1.33~~1.75, mainly in steel structure: used as a steel frame column in the frame structure subjected to dynamic load as a frame beam; for example: equipment platform.
HN is the H-shaped steel height and flange width ratio of 2 or more, mainly used for beams; the use of I-beam is equivalent to HN steel;
1. I-shaped steel is of ordinary type or light type. Because the section size is relatively high and narrow, the moment of inertia of the two main sleeves of the section is quite different. Therefore, it can only be used directly on the web. A member that is bent in a plane or that forms a lattice-type force member. It is not suitable for the axial compression member or the member that is curved perpendicular to the plane of the web, which makes it have a large limitation in the application range.
2, h-shaped steel is a highly efficient economical profile (other cold-formed thin-walled steel, profiled steel, etc.) due to the reasonable cross-sectional shape, they can make steel more efficient and improve the ability to undertake. Unlike the common I-shaped type, the flange of the h-shaped steel is widened, and the inner and outer surfaces are usually parallel, which facilitates the connection with the high-strength screw and other members. Its size constitutes a reasonable series, the model is complete, easy to design and use.
3. The flanges of the h-shaped steel are of equal thickness, with a rolling section, and a combined section composed of three plates welded. I-beams are all rolled sections, and due to poor production processes, there is a 1:10 slope inside the flange. H-beam rolling differs from ordinary I-beams in that only one set of horizontal rolls is used. Since the flanges are wide and have no slope (or a small slope), a set of vertical rolls must be added and rolled simultaneously. Its rolling process and equipment are more complex than ordinary rolling mills. The maximum rolled h-shaped steel that can be produced in China is 800mm in height, which can only exceed the welded composite section.
Six, square tube
The square tube is a hollow square section light thin-walled steel pipe, also known as steel refrigeration curved profile. It is a square cross-sectional shape and size steel made by Q235 hot-rolled or cold-rolled strip or coiled steel as the base material after cold bending processing and then high-frequency welding. In addition to the thickening of the wall thickness of the hot-rolled thick-walled square pipe, the corner size and the straightness of the edge are both at or above the level of the cold-formed square tube of the electric resistance welding. Good comprehensive mechanical properties, good weldability, cold, hot workability and corrosion resistance, with good low temperature toughness.
Square tube performance
1. Plasticity Plasticity refers to the ability of a metal material to undergo plastic deformation (permanent deformation) without damage under load.
2. Hardness Hardness is a measure of the hardness of a metal material. At present, the most commonly used method for measuring hardness in production is the indentation hardness method, which presses the surface of the metal material to be tested under a certain load with a certain geometric indenter, and determines the hardness value according to the degree of being pressed.
Common methods include Brinell hardness (HB), Rockwell hardness (HRA, HRB, HRC) and Vickers hardness (HV).
3. Fatigue The strength, plasticity, and hardness discussed above are all indicators of the mechanical properties of the metal under static load. In fact, many machine parts work under cyclic loading, under which conditions parts can fatigue.
4. Impact toughness The load acting on the machine at a large speed is called the impact load, and the ability of the metal to resist damage under the impact load is called impact toughness.
5. Strength Strength refers to the resistance of metal materials to damage (excessive plastic deformation or fracture) under static load. Since the load acts in the form of stretching, compression, bending, shearing, etc., the strength is also divided into tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, shear strength and the like. There is often a certain relationship between various strengths, and tensile strength is generally used as the most basic strength indicator.
The purpose of the square tube is construction, machinery manufacturing, steel construction and other projects, shipbuilding, solar power support, steel structure engineering, electric power engineering, power plant, agricultural and chemical machinery, glass curtain wall, automobile chassis, airport, boiler construction, high-speed road railing, Building construction, pressure vessels, oil storage tanks, bridges, power station equipment, lifting transport machinery and other high-load welded structural parts.
Six, round tube
A steel material having a hollow concentric circular section at both ends and having a relatively large length and a periphery. The specifications of the round tube are expressed in terms of external dimensions (such as outer diameter or side length) and inner diameter and wall thickness. They range in size from small diameter capillaries to large round tubes up to several meters in diameter.
Round tubes can be used in pipelines, thermal equipment, machinery industry, petroleum geological drilling, containers, chemical industry and special applications. Commonly used structural round steels are used according to different sizes and sizes. Small for decorative components, assembled roof trusses, support members, net frames and pipe trusses, etc., large for steel-steel concrete columns of heavy steel plants, large stadium pipe trusses, etc.; Another major use is in process piping, but generally has special materials and corrosion protection requirements.
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